Improved annotation and quantification of metabolites in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds using two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Abstract Two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS) is a powerful tool for identification of compounds in complex samples. Herein, we compared the GC GC-TOFMS and systems polar metabolite profiling rice seeds. Forty-seven thirty-six metabolites were detected Korean cultivar, Dongjin, using GC-TOFMS, respectively. The limits detection shikimic, p -coumaric, sinapinic acids 30.0-, 1.6-, 2.5-times lower, respectively, with than GC-TOFMS. overlapped peaks glycerol phosphoric acid separated Polar two white six red cultivars was performed obtained data subjected principal component analysis. Remarkably, 1 Heugdaegu from other cultivars, indicating that has high levels caffeic, sinapinic, vanillic acids. Findings this work may aid breeding programs aimed at improving quality